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Atlas Explore key data points about the world’s 196 countries, including population stats, political systems, languages, GDP, and more.
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1. Bosnia and Herzegovina has a collective presidency that alternates among three members (one Croat, one Bosnian Muslim, and one Serb).
2. Czechia is now the official short-form name of the Czech Republic.
3. Kosovo declared its independence from Serbia in 2008. As of September 2025, it had been recognized by more than 100 countries, including the U.S.
4. Formerly Macedonia
5. Russia is also included in the Asia table. Statistics don’t include Crimea (estimated population: 2 million), a Ukrainian territory that Russia illegally annexed from Ukraine in 2014.
6. Türkiye is also included in the Middle East and Asia tables.
7. Figures do not include Crimea (estimated population: 2 million), a Ukrainian territory that was illegally annexed by Russia in 2014.
8. Egypt is also included in the Middle East table.
9. Formerly Swaziland
10. Statistics don’t include the separate Turkish Cypriot-controlled area in the north.
11. Egypt is also included in the Africa table.
12. Does not include Israeli settlements in the Palestinian territory of the West Bank.
13. Türkiye is also included in the Europe and Asia tables.
14. Does not include Hong Kong or Macau.
15. Russia is also included in the Europe table. Statistics don’t include Crimea (estimated population: 2 million), a Ukrainian territory that Russia illegally annexed from Ukraine in 2014.
16. Taiwan has long considered itself an independent nation. China still considers it part of China. Taiwan is not recognized as a member state by the United Nations, but the U.S. maintains trade and other formal relations with its government.
17. Türkiye is also included in the Europe and Middle East tables.
2. Czechia is now the official short-form name of the Czech Republic.
3. Kosovo declared its independence from Serbia in 2008. As of September 2025, it had been recognized by more than 100 countries, including the U.S.
4. Formerly Macedonia
5. Russia is also included in the Asia table. Statistics don’t include Crimea (estimated population: 2 million), a Ukrainian territory that Russia illegally annexed from Ukraine in 2014.
6. Türkiye is also included in the Middle East and Asia tables.
7. Figures do not include Crimea (estimated population: 2 million), a Ukrainian territory that was illegally annexed by Russia in 2014.
8. Egypt is also included in the Middle East table.
9. Formerly Swaziland
10. Statistics don’t include the separate Turkish Cypriot-controlled area in the north.
11. Egypt is also included in the Africa table.
12. Does not include Israeli settlements in the Palestinian territory of the West Bank.
13. Türkiye is also included in the Europe and Asia tables.
14. Does not include Hong Kong or Macau.
15. Russia is also included in the Europe table. Statistics don’t include Crimea (estimated population: 2 million), a Ukrainian territory that Russia illegally annexed from Ukraine in 2014.
16. Taiwan has long considered itself an independent nation. China still considers it part of China. Taiwan is not recognized as a member state by the United Nations, but the U.S. maintains trade and other formal relations with its government.
17. Türkiye is also included in the Europe and Middle East tables.
SOURCES
For area: Encyclopedia Britannica
For population, urban population, percent change in population per year, date of origin, percent of population under 15 years, life expectancy, per capita GDP: The World Factbook (Central Intelligence Agency)
For capital: The World Factbook (C.I.A.); Google Maps
For languages: The World Factbook (C.I.A.); World Book Encyclopedia
For political system: Based on information from Freedom House (a nonprofit human rights organization) and its annual publication Freedom in the World; The World Factbook (C.I.A.); and news accounts
For head of government (as of September 2025): Based on information from the GeoCities “Rulers” website (rulers.org); The World Factbook (C.I.A.); and news accounts
For literacy rate: World Population Review
For HDI: Human Development Report 2025 (United Nations Development Programme)
For casualties in the war in Gaza: UNOCHA; Reuters; and news accounts; data as of September 2025
Unless otherwise noted, most figures are the latest available as of April 2025; heads of government as of September 2025.
For area: Encyclopedia Britannica
For population, urban population, percent change in population per year, date of origin, percent of population under 15 years, life expectancy, per capita GDP: The World Factbook (Central Intelligence Agency)
For capital: The World Factbook (C.I.A.); Google Maps
For languages: The World Factbook (C.I.A.); World Book Encyclopedia
For political system: Based on information from Freedom House (a nonprofit human rights organization) and its annual publication Freedom in the World; The World Factbook (C.I.A.); and news accounts
For head of government (as of September 2025): Based on information from the GeoCities “Rulers” website (rulers.org); The World Factbook (C.I.A.); and news accounts
For literacy rate: World Population Review
For HDI: Human Development Report 2025 (United Nations Development Programme)
For casualties in the war in Gaza: UNOCHA; Reuters; and news accounts; data as of September 2025
Unless otherwise noted, most figures are the latest available as of April 2025; heads of government as of September 2025.